Williamsburg's New Archaeology Center: Unveiling the Past, One Artifact at a Time
In the heart of Colonial Williamsburg, a bustling hub of history and heritage, a groundbreaking initiative is underway. The town, nestled in the picturesque landscapes of Virginia, is gearing up for a monumental move, one that promises to reveal the secrets of the past, layer by layer. With a focus on archaeology, Colonial Williamsburg is embarking on a journey to relocate millions of artifacts, each a testament to the town's rich and complex history.
This endeavor is not merely about moving objects; it's about preserving the essence of a bygone era, ensuring that the stories of those who walked these very grounds are not lost to time. The heart of this initiative lies in the newly established Colin G. and Nancy N. Campbell Archaeology Center, a state-of-the-art facility that opened its doors to the public on April 25. Spanning 40,000 square feet, this center is more than just a display space; it's a gateway to understanding the science and art of archaeology, offering visitors an unprecedented opportunity to witness the process firsthand.
The archaeology at Colonial Williamsburg has a long and storied history, dating back to 1928. The town, established in 1699 as the capital of the Virginia colony, played a pivotal role in the American Revolution and the Civil War. The efforts to restore and recognize its historical significance began in the 1920s, with archaeology taking center stage from the very beginning. Early excavations focused on finding original buildings and materials to recreate the colonial-era village, but as time progressed, the scope expanded.
Ivor Noël Hume, Colonial Williamsburg's first full-time professional archaeologist, introduced a more modern approach in 1957. He established a permanent lab and dedicated himself to understanding the lives of the ordinary people who once inhabited Williamsburg. This shift in focus continued into the 1970s and beyond, with a growing emphasis on marginalized groups, including the poor, the working class, and the enslaved.
Today, the archaeology at Colonial Williamsburg has evolved to encompass a broader range of topics. Jack Gary, the director of archaeology, highlights the importance of studying landscapes, gardens, and even seemingly ephemeral elements like pollen and botanical analysis. With only about 30% of Williamsburg excavated, the potential for discovery remains vast.
What makes Williamsburg a treasure trove for archaeologists is its diverse history. The town was a melting pot of government officials, merchants, artisans, and enslaved people and indentured servants, all contributing to the local economy. This diversity provides a comprehensive view of life in the 18th and 19th centuries, with historians estimating that about 52% of Revolutionary-era Williamsburg was Black. The African Baptist Meeting House, one of the oldest Black churches in the country, is a testament to this rich tapestry of history.
Archaeology, in essence, is the study of trash, as Gary aptly puts it. It's about uncovering the discarded remnants of daily life, offering a more inclusive and comprehensive perspective compared to written documents. From plates and bottles to household items and even food remnants, each artifact tells a story. Chamber pots and privies, for instance, provide a universal glimpse into the past, revealing the intimate details of daily life.
The move to the new archaeology center is a testament to the ongoing commitment to transparency and education. Visitors will not only get a glimpse of the artifacts but also witness the intricate process of moving and preserving them. This hands-on approach aims to foster a deeper connection between the public and history, creating stewards of the archaeological work. By showing the process, from excavation to lab work, Colonial Williamsburg's team of 22 archaeologists believes they can inspire and educate, ensuring that the past remains alive and relevant for generations to come.
As the move progresses, the Archaeology Center becomes a living, breathing testament to the power of archaeology. It invites visitors to embark on a journey through time, offering a unique perspective on the past. With the goal of completing the move by the end of July, this initiative promises to be a transformative experience, revealing the secrets of Williamsburg's rich history, one artifact at a time.
